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RFID Cards and Tracking

 

Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a method of remotely storing and retrieving data using devices called RFID tags. An RFID tag is a small object, such as an adhesive sticker, that can be attached to or incorporated into a product. RFID tags contain antennas to enable them to receive and respond to radio-frequency queries from an RFID transceiver.

?         RFID tags are mainly used for pallet tracking, pet monitoring and identification badges for building access control.

?         eagleye for Vehicle Tracking

?         eagleye software is used to track, locate, monitor, control and record Vehicle usage. Locate the vehicle in 24x7 basis from the control room . The software helps in over speed monitoring and alarming.

?         Helps in monitoring mileage management of the vehicle.

?         Used to identify Traffic choking.

?         Highly secured and active tracking system.

?         eagleye for Mines

?         eagleye software is used to track and monitor the movement of the miners in the mines.

 

Features:

Enables the Control room to monitor the entire mine.

Saves time for the Miner in maintaining inventory.

RFID stands for Radio-Frequency IDentification. The acronym refers to small electronic devices that consist of a small chip and an antenna. The chip typically is capable of carrying 2,000 bytes of data or less.

 

?The RFID device serves the same purpose as a bar code or a magnetic strip on the back of a credit card or ATM card; it provides a unique identifier for that object. And, just as a bar code or magnetic strip must be scanned to get the information, the RFID device must be scanned to retrieve the identifying information.

 

RFID Works Better Than Barcodes

?A significant advantage of RFID devices over the others mentioned above is that the RFID device does not need to be positioned precisely relative to the scanner. We're all familiar with the difficulty that store checkout clerks sometimes have in making sure that a barcode can be read. And obviously, credit cards and ATM cards must be swiped through a special reader.

?In contrast, RFID devices will work within a few feet (up to 20 feet for high-frequency devices) of the scanner. For example, you could just put all of your groceries or purchases in a bag, and set the bag on the scanner. It would be able to query all of the RFID devices and total your purchase immediately. (Read a more detailed article on RFID compared to barcodes.)

 

?RFID technology has been available for more than fifty years. It has only been recently that the ability to manufacture the RFID devices has fallen to the point where they can be used as a "throwaway" inventory or control device. Alien Technologies recently sold 500 million RFID tags to Gillette at a cost of about ten cents per tag.

 

?One reason that it has taken so long for RFID to come into common use is the lack of standards in the industry. Most companies invested in RFID technology only use the tags to track items within their control; many of the benefits of RFID come when items are tracked from company to company or from country to country.

 

Common Problems with RFID

?Some common problems with RFID are reader collision and tag collision. Reader collision occurs when the signals from two or more readers overlap. The tag is unable to respond to simultaneous queries. Systems must be carefully set up to avoid this problem. Tag collision occurs when many tags are present in a small area; but since the read time is very fast, it is easier for vendors to develop systems that ensure that tags respond one at a time. See Problems with RFID for more details.

 

How RFID Works

 

How does RFID work? A Radio-Frequency IDentification system has three parts:

A scanning antenna

A transceiver with a decoder to interpret the data

A transponder - the RFID tag - that has been programmed with information.

?The scanning antenna puts out radio-frequency signals in a relatively short range. The RF radiation does two things: It provides a means of communicating with the transponder (the RFID tag) AND

It provides the RFID tag with the energy to communicate (in the case of passive RFID tags).

?This is an absolutely key part of the technology; RFID tags do not need to contain batteries, and can therefore remain usable for very long periods of time (maybe decades).

?The scanning antennas can be permanently affixed to a surface; handheld antennas are also available. They can take whatever shape you need; for example, you could build them into a door frame to accept data from persons or objects passing through.

 

?When an RFID tag passes through the field of the scanning antenna, it detects the activation signal from the antenna. That "wakes up" the RFID chip, and it transmits the information on its microchip to be picked up by the scanning antenna.

 

?In addition, the RFID tag may be of one of two types. Active RFID tags have their own power source; the advantage of these tags is that the reader can be much farther away and still get the signal. Even though some of these devices are built to have up to a 10 year life span, they have limited life spans. Passive RFID tags, however, do not require batteries, and can be much smaller and have a virtually unlimited life span.

 

?RFID tags can be read in a wide variety of circumstances, where barcodes or other optically read technologies are useless.

?         The tag need not be on the surface of the object (and is therefore not subject to wear)

?         The read time is typically less than 100 milliseconds

?         Large numbers of tags can be read at once rather than item by item.

?         In essence, that's how RFID works.

 

 

Next-Generation Uses of RFID?

 

Some vendors have been combining RFID tags with sensors of different kinds. This would allow the tag to report not simply the same information over and over, but identifying information along with current data picked up by the sensor. For example, an RFID tag attached to a leg of lamb could report on the temperature readings of the past 24 hours, to ensure that the meat was properly kept cool.

 

?Over time, the proportion of "scan-it-yourself" aisles in retail stores will increase. Eventually, we may wind up with stores that have mostly "scan-it-yourself" aisles and only a few checkout stations for people who are disabled or unwilling.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Introduction to Project Module

Screen-1

Welcome Screen appears when application? screen starts.

Manage student Master: Button displays the records and information including personal details as well as individual?s attendance details.

Start Attendance Management Module: this button displays a screen that is responsible for establishing COM Port Connection and help in running the module. The next coming screen can perform following type of tasks:

?         Reading / recognizing card by ID, that is swiped.

?         Maintain and store Sign In and Sign out Time of Candidate automatically.

?         Prepare a card to be registered with an existing student.

Start Message Sending of Attandence Module: this button displays a screen that is responsible for establishing COM Port Connection and help in running the module. The next coming screen can perform following type of tasks:

Look for the attendance summary of individual student entered by an RFID Card.

Calculate the attendance %age (Percentage) of individual candidate.

Prepare a list of such students and send an SMS through GSM Module on their Mobile Numbers stored into the database.

 

Screen-2

Presenting the Student Master List, this list contains basic information related to a student. This

?         Screen has following functionalities:

?         Do Double Click on individual record, to view its details from table layout view to form layout view in read only mode. Refer to Screen 2.1

?         Select a Record and click on Add or Edit Button to add new record or View and edit its details in form layout view. Refer to screen 2.2

?         Fill in the required details and click on Save Button. Refer to screen 2.3

?         This screen also contains a Filter that helps in searching a record in case of huge amount of data. You can make search based on individual fieldname selecting from the list of options available and type full or partial text. Refer to Screen 2.4.

?         Select a Record and click Attendance Details Button to View and edit its details in form layout view. Refer to screen 2.5

 

 

 

 

 

Screen-2.1

 

In this screen the only the information can be viewed in read only mode.

 

 

Screen-2.2

 

When add Button is clicked, a Blank screen is displayed, and when this screen is filled it looks like this. Please note that a candidate?s photo or image can also be stored into the database by clicking on Browse button.

Warning: Be sure to store all the images or photos at a safe and same location in order to avoid accidental removal or misplaced the photo files.

 

Screen -2.3

When a New record is inserted or existing record is updated and save button is clicked. A screen appears that shows a? confirmation message regarding successful operation.

In case any run-time error occurs, it is trapped properly to avoid accidental crash and pre-mature kill of application execution process.

 

Screen -2.4

Click on search button after selecting a fieldname and full or partial value filled in next textbox control. You will get all the records matching with criteria you have created. E.g. you can search all the candidates, whose FirstName contains ?Ritesh? etc. you can use this filter feature to filter the desired records from large amount of data.

 

Screen -2.5

 

This screen is displaying attendance detail of individual student in the order of Sign In Date, including sign in time, sign out time and duration spend in terms of hours. It is also displaying the card number, by which it has signed (especially in case, a student has been issued a new card).

 

 

Screen 3:

This screen appears when Start Attandence Moule Button is clicked. Refer to Screen-2. This screen connects to the RFID Card Reader device via configured COM Ports that are connected or available in your computer. You have to keep the Port Number in mind on which your device is connecting and configured. To do so, you might have to create virtual Com ports if not available in the manual of RFID or GSM Message Reader Product.

Click Connect Button after selecting the desired Com Port. E.g. Selec t COM1 and click on Connect Button. The label Disconnected will changed to Text connected and background color changed to green, to confirm the successful connection with RFID Card reader module.

 

When successfully connected, the module and software are ready to work and read for a card. As appears in next screen.

The module is waiting for RFID card is to be placed near by the top of RFID Card reader module.

 

When it encounters a card to be crossed over RFID Card reader module it displays following screen if the card is already registered with a candidate after its successful authentication.

Screen-4:

At this stage our application automatically detects and authenticate a card weather associated with a candidate or not. If card is associated with a candidate, its sign in or sign out time is stored automatically. Ones a candidate has signed in, the next time same card crossed will stored signed out time of same candidate.

In case the card is not registered,its value is stored till next card not crossed, so that it can be associated with an existing student (in case a new card is to be issued to a new student or existing student in case it has lost its own card).

All you have to do is just to click the OK button to start next working. It is just for the safety confimation.

 

When a candidate again swipe the same card, through which it has signed in, the signed out time is stored with displaying a message of sign in duration in minutes. Refer to screen on next page.

 

The screen when an invalid or un-registered card is detected by application software, with a warning message appears:

No matter an un-registered or invalid card is detected, it can be used to associate with an existing student. It is the prior step required, that a card must be registered here if it want to be associated with a candidate. This is for safety feature in order to check that only a fresh and valid card is to registered with a candidate.

 

A resting screen appears confirming the last detection of RFID card confirming the detection of card.

 

 

Clicking on Disconnect Button will lead you to the Control Panel Screen. Refer to Screen-2

 

Steps for how to register or associate a new card to an existing candidate:

1.       The card must be detected by the module in last screen.

2.       The user must be on main control panel. If it is not it can return by clicking on disconnect button or closing the current screen appearing in front of main control panel.

3.       Select Student Master Button.

4.       From the list of students, find a click the student to which the card is to be associated.

5.       Click on Edit button and then? Register Card Button. Its card number will be filled automatically here. It Is the best and safest approach to store the card.

6.       Finally click on save button to save the changes.

Now you can return to main control panel screen and check out the working of registered card.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Introduction to Project Module GSM Message Sending

 

From the main screen control panel click on Start Messaging attendance summary module button.

A new screen will appears displaying the options for selecting the COM port settings for GSM Message Sender module.

Please note that, at this time the attendance module is disconnected and it is not functioning. So it can be plugged out if necessary. Later it can be plugged in.

This screen has following options:

COM ports list

Send a Test Message button to manually testing the functioning of GSM Module by typing a mobile number and a sample text message.

Start message Sending button to fetch the attendence list summary of all the students individually and send the aggregated report to the student?s mobile number after fetching them from their databse.

To display list of all successful sendings and faliures two listbox are used.

A progress bar is to display the overall performance of message sending module.

 

 

Send a Test Message will display following screen:

At this screen a? mobile number is prompted to send a test message.

 

After entering the mobile number, at next screen, type any message:

After clicking OK on this screen. The application will connect automatically to specified comm port from list and start sending the message by GSM Module connected to it.

It is mandatory that the hardware module should be connected and configured comm port should be selected to ensure the proper functioning of application and devices and to avoid the malfunctioning.

If message sending is success, it will be listed in the success side, otherwise on failed side. Do ensure while checking the message to be delivered at the mobile number specified.

 

After successful testing of test message sending the messages can be sent to all the candidates found in the hit list. This can be done by clicking on Start Message Sending button. Refer to Screen-

But before proceeding please note that:

?         Message sending module will try to send the messages to a large number of students that are found in the list. It might be time consuming task. So be patience.

?         Message sending performance may depend on various factors such as Signal strength, Balance available in GSM SIM and other assumption imposed by the Service provider. The software application can not help in this.

The following screen is representing the aggregated summary of attendance list from starting date to till now. The duration of total time signed in, is in terms of minutes. All you have is just to type the overall duration in terms of signed in durations in terms of minutes. At last when the button Start sending is hitted. The message sending process starts for sending the message and this screen disappears. The control is returned to GSM Message sending module where message sending process continues after PORT Connecting, selecting a phone number and a customized message.